Makkah climate

Saudi Arabia · 21.43°N, 39.83°E · elevation 333 m · population 1,578,722

Warmest month
June
high 44 °C112 °F
Coldest month
January
low 16 °C61 °F
Wettest month
November
9 mm0.3 in
Best time to visit
January
by our comfort score
Annual precipitation
37 mm1.5 in
August driest
Year average
31 °C87 °F
hot desert (BWh)

Makkah (Saudi Arabia) has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh). The average temperature over the year is 31 °C87 °F, and about 37 mm1.5 in of precipitation falls in an average year.

Temperature by month

Average highAverage low
15°20°25°30°35°40°45°50°60°80°100°120°JFMAMJJASOND44°112°16°61°January: high 29 °C / 85 °F, low 16 °C / 61 °FFebruary: high 32 °C / 89 °F, low 18 °C / 64 °FMarch: high 35 °C / 94 °F, low 20 °C / 68 °FApril: high 38 °C / 100 °F, low 24 °C / 75 °FMay: high 42 °C / 107 °F, low 27 °C / 81 °FJune: high 44 °C / 112 °F, low 29 °C / 84 °FJuly: high 43 °C / 109 °F, low 29 °C / 84 °FAugust: high 43 °C / 109 °F, low 29 °C / 84 °FSeptember: high 43 °C / 109 °F, low 28 °C / 83 °FOctober: high 39 °C / 102 °F, low 25 °C / 78 °FNovember: high 34 °C / 93 °F, low 21 °C / 70 °FDecember: high 31 °C / 87 °F, low 18 °C / 65 °F

Precipitation by month

Precipitation per month (mminches)
051000.2JJanuary: 6 mm / 0.2 inFFebruary: 1 mm / 0.0 inMMarch: 1 mm / 0.0 inAApril: 6 mm / 0.3 inMMay: 4 mm / 0.1 inJJune: 2 mm / 0.1 inJJuly: 0 mm / 0.0 inAAugust: 0 mm / 0.0 inSSeptember: 1 mm / 0.0 inOOctober: 3 mm / 0.1 inNNovember: 9 mm / 0.3 inDDecember: 4 mm / 0.1 in90.3

Makkah climate table

Monthly averages, 2001–2025
MonthHigh °C°FLow °C°FMean °C°FPrecip. mmin
Jan29851661237360.2
Feb32891864257610.0
Mar35942068278110.0
Apr381002475318760.3
May421072781349440.1
Jun441122984369820.1
Jul431092984369700.0
Aug431092984369700.0
Sep431092883369610.0
Oct391022578329030.1
Nov34932170288290.3
Dec31871865247640.1
Year4411216613187371.5

“Year” row: highest monthly high, lowest monthly low, annual mean and annual total.

Humidity, cloud, sun and daylight
MonthHumid.CloudSolarDaylight
Jan49%26%4.610:57
Feb43%23%5.411:25
Mar35%22%6.511:58
Apr31%24%7.112:37
May23%22%7.413:09
Jun17%23%7.613:26
Jul23%31%7.313:19
Aug29%36%6.912:52
Sep26%33%6.412:14
Oct31%16%5.911:37
Nov45%16%4.911:05
Dec50%20%4.410:50

Humid. = average relative humidity at 2 m; cloud = average cloud amount; solar = average daily solar energy reaching the ground in kWh/m² (all-sky); daylight in hours:minutes, calculated for the 15th of each month.

What the climate of Makkah is like

The warmest month is June, with an average high of 44 °C112 °F and a low of 29 °C84 °F. The coldest is January, when highs average 29 °C85 °F and lows 16 °C61 °F. There is a clear seasonal cycle, with 13.6 °C24.6 °F between the average temperature of the warmest and the coolest month.

It is very dry, with only 37 mm1.5 in of precipitation in an average year. The wettest three-month stretch is November–January, which brings 49% of the annual total. The wettest month is November (9 mm0.3 in), the driest is August (0 mm0.0 in).

Relative humidity ranges from 17% in June to 50% in December. The clearest skies (lowest average cloud amount, 16%) are typical of October. Average wind speed near the ground ranges from 10 km/h (6 mph) in December to 12 km/h (7 mph) in June. Daylight lasts from about 10.8 hours in December to 13.4 hours in June.

Best time to visit Makkah

Based on these averages, the most comfortable months for sightseeing and outdoor activities are January. Average highs then reach 29 °C85 °F to 29 °C85 °F. Precipitation is 6 mm0.2 in to 6 mm0.2 in per month.

The most challenging month is June, which is hot, with average highs of 44 °C112 °F.

Comfort score: months are ranked by how close they come to an ideal. That means an average high of 21–28 °C (70–82 °F), lows above 5 °C (41 °F), little precipitation and moderate humidity. The best-ranked months of each place are recommended, even where none meets all of these. These are general rules of thumb applied to long-term averages.

Makkah weather by month

  • January29 °C85 °F / 16 °C61 °F
  • February32 °C89 °F / 18 °C64 °F
  • March35 °C94 °F / 20 °C68 °F
  • April38 °C100 °F / 24 °C75 °F
  • May42 °C107 °F / 27 °C81 °F
  • June44 °C112 °F / 29 °C84 °F
  • July43 °C109 °F / 29 °C84 °F
  • August43 °C109 °F / 29 °C84 °F
  • September43 °C109 °F / 28 °C83 °F
  • October39 °C102 °F / 25 °C78 °F
  • November34 °C93 °F / 21 °C70 °F
  • December31 °C87 °F / 18 °C65 °F

What to pack for Makkah

  • Wetter months (November–January, April and May) — highs 2985 to 42 °C107 °F, lows 1661 to 27 °C81 °F, about 6 mm0.2 in of precipitation a month. Pack very light, breathable clothing, a sun hat and plenty of water.
  • Drier months (February and March, June–October) — highs 3289 to 44 °C112 °F, lows 1864 to 29 °C84 °F, about 1 mm0.0 in of precipitation a month. Pack very light, breathable clothing, a sun hat and plenty of water.

How Makkah compares

The nearest larger place is Jeddah, about 67 km to the west. Compared with it, Makkah has practically the same average temperature. It receives a similar amount of precipitation. The difference is largest in June (1.6 °C2.9 °F warmer).

World Climates covers 26 places in Saudi Arabia. By annual mean temperature, Makkah is the 4th warmest of them. By annual precipitation, it is the 11th wettest. See all of them on the Saudi Arabia climate page.

Some places in other countries have a very similar pattern of temperature and rainfall. The closest matches are Port Sudan (Sudan, BWh), Dibba (Oman, BWh) and Sharjah (United Arab Emirates, BWh).

Nearby places

All places in Saudi Arabia

Frequently asked questions

What is the warmest month in Makkah?

June is the warmest month in Makkah. Its average high is 44 °C (112 °F) and its average low is 29 °C (84 °F).

What is the coldest month in Makkah?

January is the coldest month. Its average high is 29 °C (85 °F) and its average low is 16 °C (61 °F).

When does it rain the most in Makkah?

November is the wettest month with about 9 mm (0.3 in) of precipitation. August is the driest with about 0 mm (0.0 in).

What is the best time to visit Makkah?

Judging by long-term averages, the most comfortable months are January.

About this data

All figures are 25-year averages (January 2001 – December 2025) from the NASA POWER project. Temperature, humidity, wind and precipitation come from the MERRA-2 reanalysis (precipitation is the bias-corrected MERRA-2 product), cloud and solar values from CERES satellite data. They describe a grid cell of roughly 50–70 km, not a single weather station. So they can differ from airport records. The gaps are largest on coasts, in mountains and for rainfall. Average highs and lows are the monthly mean temperature plus/minus half of the average daily temperature range. Counts of rainy days are not part of this dataset.

The grid cell’s average elevation is 593 m, while Makkah lies at about 333 m. Temperatures on this page were therefore adjusted by +1.7 °C3 °F using the standard lapse rate of 6.5 °C per 1,000 m.

Sources and method